I'm kind of a flame-thrower and grenade kind of person, sometimes. Broad, impassioned strokes rather than fine lines and hair splitting. I like to engage in heated debate and try to persuade, and cooler heads be damned! This is my temperament. Sometimes, it helps motivate and puts a fire under someone to act (this is actually what I get paid pretty well to do) and sometimes this temperament can be a bit scorching and alienating. Then I spend a lot of time clarifying and apologizing.
Today, I'm going to try to be cool-headed and careful with this post. I want feedback, but I am specifically requesting that the feedback be constructive, and not turn into a malebashfest. "All men suck! Down with men!" I've discussed before the undercurrent of rage many women feel, just under the surface, and know that topics like this can bring that up. But if we want to shed some light on this important topic, I do ask that the heat be turned down and the pots be put on at least simmer.
The topic is a continuation of yesterday's post about victimization and empowerment. Today I want to talk about a "hostile environment" (whether that's at the office, walking down the street, in your own home, at clubs, online, everywhere.)
For the purpose of this discussion, I'm going to define "hostile environment" as a stressful environment created by: 1) severe or pervasive conduct from a man 2) of a sexual nature (or would only be directed at a woman) 3) that is unwelcome (i.e. not solicited or encouraged) and 3) that a reasonable woman* would find offensive.
Severe or pervasive: one incident can be enough if it is egregious. But usually, we're talking about a noticeable pattern of sexual or gender-related conduct.
Of a sexual nature: the comment/behavior relates to sexuality or is directed towards a person just because of her gender. (The commenter wouldn't make the same comment to a man who was similarly situated.)
Unwelcome: the comment/conduct is not requested, invited or encouraged. If a woman puts up half-nekkid pictures of herself, she would be unreasonable in objecting if people commented about the appearance of her body or made sexual comments. What the woman generally wants to hear in that instance is how hot she is. Or, a woman at work actively participating (like telling her own raunchy jokes) in sexual jokes would have a hard time convincing people later that similar sexual joking by a male co-worker was unwelcome.
Offensive to a reasonable woman in that position. This is tricky. On the one hand, some people are "hyper-sensitive" and will get insulted/offended by anything. On the other hand, as I wrote about yesterday, reasonable men and reasonable women will differ as to what is offensive or not. This, again, is because of context.
(or insert other protected class here -- reasonable person of color, reasonable person with a disability, reasonable gay person, etc. though in this post is addressing gender relations specifically.)
Men and women generally have different perspectives. Conduct that many men consider unobjectionable may offend many women. I'm excerpting some information below from a sexual harassment case arising out of California about 10 years ago (Ellison v Brady).
A male supervisor might believe, for example, that it is legitimate
for him to tell a female employee that she has a 'great figure' or
'nice legs.' The female employee, however, may find such comments
offensive.
Men tend to view some forms of sexual harassment as harmless,
amusing social interactions to which only overly-sensitive women would
object.
However, many women share common concerns which men do not
necessarily share. For example, because women are disproportionately
victims of rape and sexual assault, women have a stronger incentive to
be concerned with sexual behavior. Women who are victims of mild forms
of sexual harassment may understandably worry whether a harasser's
conduct is merely a prelude to violent sexual assault. Men, who are
rarely victims of sexual assault, may view sexual conduct in a vacuum
without a full appreciation of the social setting or the underlying
threat of violence that a woman may perceive.
One writer explains: "While many women hold positive attitudes about
uncoerced sex, their greater physical and social vulnerability to
sexual coercion can make women wary of sexual encounters. Moreover,
American women have been raised in a society where rape and sex-related
violence have reached unprecedented levels, and a vast pornography
industry creates continuous images of sexual coercion, objectification
and violence.
Finally, women as a group tend to hold more restrictive views of
both the situation and type of relationship in which sexual conduct is
appropriate. Because of the inequality and coercion with which it is so
frequently associated in the minds of women, the appearance of
sexuality in an unexpected context or a setting of ostensible equality
can be an anguishing experience. Abrams, Gender Discrimination and the
Transformation of Workplace
Norms, 42 Vand.L.Rev. 1183, 1203-05 (1989)(emphasis added).
With this backdrop in mind, my friend Edge posted the following comment yesterday:
I do not hit on women, here or anywhere, and I do not behave inappropriately, here or anywhere. But when you primp and powder up and look good to yourself in the mirror, you look good to me too and I very well may tell you so as I compliment many of you here, not only on your looks if you post photos, but on what you say, how you say it. Simply said, you strive to look lovely, your best, I'm going to notice, not just your girl parts, but the whole woman package. And I would expect you to receive my honest complimentary assessment as graciously as it was given, regardless of the attribute of yours I was commenting favorably upon. I am crass or disrespectful, have at me. We all, hopefully if we are prideful, strive to put our best masculine or feminine foot forward and I think it's as inate as a cardinal's red feathers.
Edge is quick to assess his own behavior and conclude that he does not behave inappropriately, here or anywhere, but then says he is quick with the compliment about a woman's appearance. And that he is polite and well-meaning. I have never experienced him to be otherwise. (And he is a wonderful writer, to boot!)
But the point I believe Edge may be missing, is that given the different context of many women's lives and realities, even the most gentlemanly, well-meaning, sincere compliment may be unwelcome and unsettling. Again, without male bashing, without Edge-bashing (this is not personal; I am using his comment as a springboard to a broader discussion) is there anyone who can help me out with examples, experiences that have been well-meaning but made you feel threatened or very uncomfortable enough to feel you were experiencing a hostile environment?
I consider myself VERY fortunate that (at least as an adult) I have not been subjected to serious physical sexual harassment or assault or a "quid pro quo" type workplace harassment where the perpetrator knew damn well what he was doing and intended intimidation. Most unwelcome, offensive conduct has occurred for me from very well-meaning, nice, gentlemanly men. Here are some I have experienced:
- Whistles/comments on the street (though the older I get, I gotta tell you, the more welcome this is)
- Being grabbed/fondled by significant others just when walking by -- if unwelcome, unanticipated, this can seem violating. We're not all always ready, all the time and yes, I believe women can be sexually harassed in their own homes.
- Having a co-worker or boss make a comment about my appearance, body or clothes beyond "you look nice today!" or "great shoes!" There's a "vibe," that is given off with a lingering look, a boundary that is crossed that I can't articulate very well (but know every woman knows what I am talking about) where you just kind of shudder, think "ick" and cover yourself up.
- Having a good friend's boyfriend tell me how desirable I was when we were sitting in a hot tub together. This ruined my friendship with the woman, as I could not stand to be around him.
- Obviously, sexist comments or a hypersexualized atmosphere at someone's house (Playboy magazines everywhere, etc.)
- Receiving personal (as opposed to general) comments of a sexual nature in response to a non-sexual topic, even on this blog. This is generally unwelcome (unless you are my husband or we are flirting, we, back and forth) and jarring. I put this as # 20 on my How To Be a Blogging Loser post.
Side note: Why is it that a man can walk around nude or just in his boxers at home alone and just be, but when a woman is nude or scantily clad or in a bathing suit (and not in a "come hither" way, but just hanging out) -- that this fact alone is sexualized? Like merely having a female body is an invitation for comment or grabbing? IT IS NOT!
Often, I like to go out in baggy dark clothes, glasses and a pony tail, no make up, big combat boots . . . to avoid the stares, the sexual (or just "complimentary") comments. It is such a violation. Even when I put on make up, put my contacts in, wear closer-fitting clothes, that is not an invitation for inappropriate touching or comments. It is welcome when it is invited, encouraged. Merely looking a certain way does not, in itself, constitute an invitation. I feel like Jessica Rabbit: "I'm not bad, I'm just drawn that way . . ."
Of course, when I'm in my badass androgynous outfits and mentality, sometimes I get the equally uninvited comment: "Smile, honey!" If it's an elder gentleman, I let it slide. But for younger ones, I sometimes tell them my mother just died, and they'd be upset too, and they should mind their own business. Like I said, rage, right under this placid surface . . .
Am I hyper-sensitive? Has anyone else experienced a hostile environment (at work, online, at home, anywhere) due to well-meaning comments or conduct by even the nicest of guys? When? Your comments and experiences (so long as they are constructive and not personally sexual) are welcome, encouraged and invited.